• Introduction Urbanization is an important social process

  2018-10-22

  

  Introduction Urbanization is an important social process of human society in the 21st Century. People keep flowing into cities, making cities grow on a continuous basis. When people stop moving to cities, urbanization will also stop accordingly. Typical definitions on urbanization include: (1) Urba

• MLN4924 It was a booming period of campus construction at Ts

  2018-10-22

  

  It was a booming period of campus construction at Tsinghua in the 1910s and 1920s, and the campus planning and construction on campus during that period, such as the Southern Gate (also widely known as the Hall of Tsinghua College, the Second Gate, er xiaomen), and Four Grand Buildings: the Auditori

• br Introduction Carcinoma cuniculatum was first

  2018-10-22

  

  Introduction Carcinoma cuniculatum was first described by Aird et al in 1954 as epithelioma cuniculatum. The name is derived from the Latin word cuniculus, meaning “rabbit,” because of its rabbit-burrow-like architecture (appearance of the complex branching of keratin-filled crypts). It is regard

• The latest imaging technologies have played a

  2018-10-22

  

  The latest imaging technologies have played a major role in determining Cryptosporidium\'s structural relationship with the gregarines but also how they share important similarities in their host parasite relationships (Clode et al., 2015; Koh et al., 2013, 2014). Most recently, Cryptosporidium has

• br Results br Discussion In this study we investigated the

  2018-10-22

  

  Results Discussion In this study, we investigated the mode of developmental commitment and competence toward the DE and NE lineages in hESCs in response to changes in Nodal/Activin signaling activity. Four days of enhanced Nodal/Activin signaling was sufficient to commit hESCs toward the DE li

• Diastolic function was influenced by the following events

  2018-10-22

  

  Diastolic function was influenced by the following events after MI: cell necrosis, residual ischemia, microvascular dysfunction, and regional wall motion abnormalities. We propose that s6 kinase the short-term improvement in diastolic function was due to restoration of microvascular function. BMC tr

• abacavir br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments

  2018-10-22

  

  Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments The authors thank Uri Ben-david, Yonatan Stelzer, Daniel Ronen, Tomer Halevy, and Uri Weissbein for critically reading this manuscript and Tamar Golan-Lev for her assistance with the graphical design of the figures. We thank Yonatan Stelzer for his assis

• The aforementioned experiments demonstrated the essential

  2018-10-22

  

  The aforementioned experiments demonstrated the essential roles of Dbr/Hh signaling in midgut homeostasis. Next, we examined the source(s) of Hh involved in this process. We determined hh expression by using an hh-lacZ enhancer and Hh antibody. A high level of Hh expression was found in the anterior

• histamine-2 receptor antagonist br Conclusions The following

  2018-10-22

  

  Conclusions The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Acknowledgments We thank Drs. Tomoki Todo and Nobuhito Saito of the University of Tokyo, Japan, for generously providing us with the TGS01 cells. This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, for

• Dinitrophenol DNP is well known

  2018-10-22

  

  2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) is well known to be cytotoxic at high concentrations. However, recent studies have demonstrated that at low micromolar, non-toxic concentrations, DNP has neuroprotective properties in a number of in vitro and in vivo models of neurodegeneration (reviewed in (De Felice and Fer

• br Conclusions br Author contributions br Acknowledgments

  2018-10-20

  

  Conclusions Author contributions Acknowledgments We thank Dr. Ruth Simon for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIP) (NRF-2011-0017315) (JSK); and (NRF-2011-0030074) (GUB). I

• Thus the persistent muscle expression of full length dystrop

  2018-10-20

  

  Thus, the persistent muscle expression of full length dystrophin remains difficult to achieve currently. Since the discovery of satellite stem R406 cost and the difficulties met in maintaining their differentiation potential during in vitro culture, several promising alternative candidates for DMD c

• NT derived neuronal cells in vitro

  2018-10-20

  

  NT2 derived neuronal prostaglandin f2 alpha in vitro express a plethora of neuron-specific markers at both transcript and protein levels (Pleasure et al., 1992; Cheung et al., 1999; Megiorni et al., 2005; Couillard-Despres et al., 2008; Haile et al., 2014). Our results are roughly in line with prev

• For ESCs on the other hand we and others recently

  2018-10-20

  

  For ESCs, on the other hand, we and others recently established that single factors, such as neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NEUROD1) or neurogenin 2 (NGN2), alone are sufficient to rapidly induce the neuronal fate (Thoma et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2013). In fibroblasts, however, we had origin

• Potential sources of NSCs include cell lines pluripotent ste

  2018-10-20

  

  Potential sources of NSCs include cell lines, pluripotent stem cell-derived NSCs, and primary NSCs harvested from fetal or adult animals. Some immortalized NSC lines can engraft and migrate extensively (Snyder et al., 1995), but they may have unstable genomes or pose a risk of tumorigenesis (Koso et

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