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The majority of APC C subunits
2020-07-14
The majority of APC/C subunits form a giant scaffold, which was originally named the arc lamp, based on its shape when viewing APC/C from one side (Figure 1 and Box 1) [24]. The scaffold consists of two modules: the TPR lobe resembles the curved post and lamp, and the platform resembles the orexins
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We also observed reduced insulinotropic effects after intrav
2020-07-14
We also observed reduced insulinotropic effects after intravenous administration of both GLP-1 and GIP with atropine, whereas no inhibition was observed by atropine of the direct effects of GLP-1 and GIP action on beta-cells in the islet experiments. This suggests that the reduction in circulating i
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br Acknowledgements We thank Dr James Ritchie and
2020-07-14
Acknowledgements We thank Dr. James Ritchie and his dedicated staff (Deptartment of Pathology, Emory University) for performing measures of serum VPA levels; Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals (Osaka, Japan) for the generous donation of DOPS, which is required for breeding Dbh −/− mice; Pfizer (Sandwich, K
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A range of therapies exists for the
2020-07-14
A range of therapies exists for the treatment of inflammation-driven diseases, which can be summarized as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticoids and steroidal-related drugs (Ward et al., 2008). Despite of these notable successes, there are still major unmet medical needs in the t
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This study evaluated the role of SERT in classica http
2020-07-14
This study evaluated the role of SERT in classical fear conditioning using a SERT knockout rat model. We found a clear disruption of cue-conditioned fear in SERT−/− rats, as measured with the fear-potentiated startle. This disruption was due to a deficit in fear acquisition and was accompanied by de
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In human neuroblastoma SH SY Y cells
2020-07-14
In human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y SU6656 and in lymphoma Jurkat cells, Yamanaka et al. [56] showed that exogenously added 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol could be efficiently esterified by ACAT1. These results suggest that both ACAT1 and ACAT2 can control the oxysterol levels by directly esterifying them, in
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Preliminary studies evidenced the presence of
2020-07-13
Preliminary studies evidenced the presence of CRFr in gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) neurons of the hippocampus (Yan et al., 1998). In fact, in this direct thrombin inhibitor area, CRF inhibits glutamate release through CRF1r (Bagosi et al., 2015), leading to a decrease in the GABA conce
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The notion that a small subset of
2020-07-13
The notion that a small subset of inducible cellular transcripts, encoding immunological important factors, is translocated across the nuclear envelope by the karyopherin CRM1 is gaining support from various recent studies. For example, experimental evidence has been provided demonstrating that the
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br Discussion Variable estradiol effects
2020-07-13
Discussion Variable estradiol effects on cell proliferation have been reported according to animal species, tissues, and type of estrogen receptor [16,21,22,[29], [30], [31]]. In the kidney, 17βE was found to increase [3H]-thymidine incorporation in primary rabbit kidney proximal tubule Pyronarid
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In conclusion we provide convincing
2020-07-13
In conclusion, we provide convincing evidence that the PRRSV-induced SGs are indeed bona fide SGs. While we determined that mRNA is present in the PRRSV-induced SGs, we did not distinguish its origin. Future studies will need to determine whether the mRNA stored in PRRSV-induced SGs is of cellular o
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The first example of a broadly
2020-07-13
The first example of a broadly-acting antiviral drug is ribavirin, a nucleoside analogue that was proposed to act directly at the level of the viral polymerase, although an indirect effect via inhibition of the host-cell IMP dehydrogenase and depletion of the GTP pool seems more plausible [9]. Anoth
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Materials and methods br Results
2020-07-13
Materials and methods Results Discussion Hydroxylation of proline in bacterial gamma-Glu-Cys is one of the oxygen-requiring metabolic reactions, which needs efficient oxygen. Oxygen supply is always a rate-limiting step for tyrosinase production even though pure oxygen is purged in a bioreact
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br Casein Kinase II CK Casein Kinase
2020-07-13
Casein Kinase II (CK2) Casein Kinase II (CK2) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine-selective pro-oncogenic protein kinase that has become a more prominent target for research due to its effects and key role in tumorigenesis (Gowda et al., 2017a, Pinna, 2002). CK2, a well-conserved, pleiotropic kinase
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tandospirone The mechanism underlying the increased
2020-07-13
The mechanism underlying the increased PON1 levels found in greenhouse workers may be accounted for by an increased protein tandospirone following pesticide interaction with different nuclear receptors as also occurs with other chemicals, such as polyphenols and statins [28]. A number of nuclear re
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br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgements This study was
2020-07-13
Conflict of interest Acknowledgements This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31571839), the Chinese Ministry Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-12-0865), and Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (N
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