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Finally it is possible that also
2020-12-09
Finally, it is possible that also species differences (rat primary preadipocytes vs mouse 3T3-L1 cells) could contribute to these discrepancies. A recent study suggested that 3T3-L1 umi 2 may contain adipocyte precursors with multiple cell lineage characteristics which may contribute to different b
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br Activatable MRI probes MRI
2020-12-09
Activatable MRI probes MRI is commonly used in clinics around the world and has the advantages of outstanding tissue-penetration depth and extremely high spatial resolution for in vivo imaging [33]. MRI has relatively poor sensitivity and usually requires protein kinase inhibitor agents to enhan
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Several recent reviews have appeared covering different aspe
2020-12-09
Several recent reviews have appeared covering different aspects of the sPLA2 family of enzymes, including sPLA2-V, and the interested reader is kindly directed to these for specific details [34,[135], [136], [137]]. It is important to remark here, however, that recent studies on sPLA2-V suggest that
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Nitrid oxide NO and its potential
2020-12-09
Nitrid oxide (NO) and its potential endogenous production as an endothelium-derived factor was the first gaseous molecule accepted to be a signaling mediator in the organism [4,5]. NO plays a key role in physiological regulation of the L 006235 and exerts physiological functions in the nervous and
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Though the physiological roles of microglia
2020-12-09
Though the physiological roles of microglia-derived elastases in the CNS are not well understood, their involvement in the metabolism of cholecystokinin [41] and in the processing of plasminogen to produce a low molecular weight plasminogen that enhances neurite outgrowth has been reported [38]. Exp
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CYP contributes to the metabolism of
2020-12-09
CYP450 contributes to the metabolism of more than 90% of currently available drugs (Shapiro and Shear, 2002). Currently, CYP1A is the most studied xenobiotic-metabolizing isoform in fish and is often used as a biomarker for early effects of pollutants in aquatic organisms (Havelkova et al., 2007). T
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HOIP s ability to build linear Ub chains arises
2020-12-09
HOIP's ability to build linear Ub chains arises from a unique domain that follows directly after the RING2 domain, the linear ubiquitin chain-determining domain (LDD) (Fig. 1). Structures have revealed that the LDD is structurally integrated into RING2, creating a single RING2–LDD unit (Fig. 2D) [40
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As before all calculations are based
2020-12-08
As before [3], [4], all calculations are based on thermodynamically first- and second-order hydropathic (amino acid) scales [6], [7], linearly scaled to a common center and a common range for each of the 20 amino acids. These are then converted to a triangular matrix , where is the length of a s
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Introduction DHFR is an important enzyme in
2020-12-08
Introduction DHFR is an important enzyme in both mammals and microorganism including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). It catalyzes folic orthopox conversion to dihydro and tetrahydro folic acid which is a crucial step in folate pathway [1]. Inhibition of folate pathway leads to interruption of thy
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Dehydrogenation by a KSTD is also a crucial step during
2020-12-08
— 1(2)-Dehydrogenation by a Δ1-KSTD is also a crucial step during melatonin receptor agonists degradation of the steroid core. Several Δ1-KSTDs were shown to be active under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions [27,29,47,50,66]. Furthermore, the last common intermediate of both aerobic and anaer
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Confirmation of the presence of
2020-12-08
Confirmation of the presence of H+-PPase genes in the genomes of the different protists tested was obtained by Southern blot analyses using the PCR-amplified DNA fragments as probes (Fig. 3). In the trypanosomatids L. major and T. cruzi and the euglenoid A. longa, a single band appeared in the filte
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For human health risk assessment of chemicals a
2020-12-08
For human health risk assessment of chemicals, a default uncertainty factor (UF) of 3.16 is used to capture inter individual variation in toxicokinetics (Dorne and Renwick, 2005). However, the scientific background for this default UF remains unsatisfactory., Several studies have reported that a fac
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The inhibition of FAS by C produces an
2020-12-08
The inhibition of FAS by C75 produces an accumulation of malonyl-CoA which is difficult to reconcile with the activation of CPT1 reported by others [2], [16], [17], [18]. To unravel this paradox the mechanism of action of C75 needs to be examined. We recently demonstrated that C75 is converted in vi
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In the present study we determined concentration response re
2020-12-07
In the present study, we determined concentration–response relationships for selected synthetic progestogens using in vitro luciferase transactivation assays driven by PR, ARα and ARβ from Murray–Darling rainbowfish () and compared the profiles with those obtained from similar assays based on human
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Several studies on the collagen receptor DDR
2020-12-07
Several studies on the collagen receptor DDR1 have revealed a defined collagen signaling pathway that causes cell scattering and cadherin switching. As mentioned earlier, DDR ap5 on collagens are distinct from integrin binding sites; therefore, the same collagen protein can bind to DDR and integrin
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