• The glycine receptor is an

  2022-01-20

  

  The glycine receptor is an ionotropic neurotransmitter receptor coupled to a chloride ion channel. Glycine receptors are typically described as inhibitory and distributed in the spinal cord and brainstem, though mRNA transcription labelling studies in rats show expression in the hippocampus, cingula

• Another key component of proper DA cell physiology is

  2022-01-20

  

  Another key component of proper DA cell physiology is the basal firing activity of SN DA neurons, which maintains extracellular levels of dopamine in the dorsal striatum that are essential for voluntary movement [106]. Changes in SN DA neuron activity directly impacts the amount of dopamine released

• The advent of the genomic era has allowed

  2022-01-20

  

  The advent of the genomic era has allowed greater detailed investigation of enzymatic properties and has shown that specific enzyme activity is linked to the substrate utilization profiles of the isoenzymes [30], [31]. Not surprisingly, the functional four β-galactosidases from A. niger F0215 shared

• A mutation in stearoyl coenzyme A

  2022-01-20

  

  A mutation in stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 gene was reported to reduce sebum production and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) synthesis in mice, which was accompanied with impaired clearance of gram-positive bacteria-induced skin infection (Georgel et al., 2005). Interestingly, gram-positive ba

• In Gallus gallus four FGFRs FGFR

  2022-01-20

  

  In Gallus gallus, four FGFRs (FGFR1-4) have been identified, along with 13 FGFs (FGF1–4, 8–10, 12, 13, 16, 18–20) (Thisse and Thisse, 2005). FGFRs are tyrosine kinase receptors that contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. T

• This excellent tolerability is especially

  2022-01-20

  

  This excellent tolerability is especially interesting in the light of the fact that intravenous administration of liposomal ponatinib was predicted to yield much higher plasma concentrations as compared to the orally administered free drug. In addition, liposomal drug dose in absolute numbers was te

• Sumoylation of transcription factors has

  2022-01-20

  

  Sumoylation of transcription factors has been generally linked to transcriptional repression and, in a few cases, to transcriptional activation [60] Accumulating evidence implies that corepressor complex subunits, including CoREST, CtBP, Daxx, NCoR1, SMRT and histone deacetylase complexes (HDACs), p

• To examine the biochemical characteristics of

  2022-01-20

  

  To examine the biochemical characteristics of FPPS in Drosophila, DmFPPS has been functionally expressed in E. coli. The protein displays properties similar to mammalian FPPS, with some notable differences, including the ability to efficiently couple the homologous substrate, homodimethylallyl dipho

• Although it is well documented that FAAH

  2022-01-20

  

  Although it is well documented that FAAH substrates can elicit analgesic effects [for review see [47,48] and that systemic poly I:C administration induces mechanical allodynia in rats [14], to our knowledge this is the first study to demonstrate that enhancing FAAH substrate levels can modulate TLR3

• br Role of catecholamines in HIV associated

  2022-01-20

  

  Role of catecholamines in HIV-associated neuroinflammation Concluding remarks However, more research is needed to determine the precise mechanisms responsible for the immunomodulatory effects of catecholamines, including the involvement of specific receptors and signaling pathways in immune ce

• ANT located in the IMM mediates the

  2022-01-20

  

  ANT, located in the IMM, mediates the exchange of ATP/ADP between the mitochondrial matrix and the intermembrane space (IMS) (Brand et al., 2005; Palmieri and Pierri, 2010). Of the 4 known isoforms, ANT1 is the dominant isoform in the heart (Palmieri and Pierri, 2010). Under physiological conditions

• One of the most common

  2022-01-19

  

  One of the most common dietary approaches against obesity-associated diseases is the increase in the consumption of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids [18], [19]. Since seminal paper by Bang and Dyeberg in which the low prevalence of coronary heart disease among the Inuit was associated with the high ma

• For some agonists these stable GPR responses were resistant

  2022-01-19

  

  For some agonists, these stable GPR119 responses were resistant to washing. Thus, sustained activation could continue, for at least a number of hours, even after removal of free agonist. These data are consistent with reports for other GPCR systems that do not desensitize (Calebiro et al., 2009, Fer

• We tested this hypothesis with two experiments In the

  2022-01-19

  

  We tested this hypothesis with two experiments. In the first experiment OVX monkeys implanted with an E2 TCS 2002 (this results in LH levels similar to the level during the follicular phase) were treated with daily injections of letrozole for 1 week and then EB was injected systemically mimicking t

• EAAT glutamate uptake is driven by the co transport

  2022-01-19

  

  EAAT glutamate uptake is driven by the co-transport of three sodium ions and one proton, as well as the counter-transport of one potassium ion (Fig. 1B). This complex stoichiometry frees up enough energy to permit Chidamide of glutamate into the cell against a steep concentration gradient. Addition

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